The Affordable Care Act’s (ACA) Medicaid expansion produced major gains in coverage. However, findings on racial and ethnic disparities are mixed and may depend on how disparities are measured. This study examines both absolute and relative changes in uninsurance from 2010-2021 by race and ethnicity, stratified by Medicaid expansion status.

The increasing threat from infection with drug-resistant pathogens is among the most serious public health challenges of our time. Formed by Wellcome in 2018, the Surveillance and Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Infections Consortium (SEDRIC) is an international think tank whose aim is to inform policy and change the way countries track, share, and analyse data relating to drug-resistant infections, by defining knowledge gaps and identifying barriers to the delivery of global surveillance. SEDRIC delivers its aims through discussions and analyses by world-leading scientists that result in recommendations and advocacy to Wellcome and others. As a result, SEDRIC has made key contributions in furthering global and national actions. Here, we look back at the work of the consortium between 2018-2024, highlighting notable successes. We provide specific examples where technical analyses and recommendations have helped to inform policy and funding priorities that will have real-world impact on the surveillance and epidemiology of infections with drug-resistant pathogens.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern, with long-term complications persisting even after successful treatment. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a progressive fungal disease that frequently develops in TB survivors, contributing to post-TB lung disease (PTLD). The true burden of CPA among TB patients remains unclear due to diagnostic challenges and limited data. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of CPA among patients with prior or concurrent TB.

The lifetime risk of aging-related diseases among survivors of childhood cancer, accelerated by cancer treatment exposures, is unknown. Understanding this risk can provide a more comprehensive assessment of long-term health across the lifespan of survivors and guide adult care.

Seasonal trends in infectious diseases are shaped by climatic and social factors, with many respiratory viruses peaking in winter. However, the seasonality of COVID-19 remains in dispute, with significant waves of cases across the United States occurring in both winter and summer. Using wavelet analysis of COVID-19 cases, we find that the periodicity of epidemic COVID-19 varies markedly across the U.S. and correlates with winter temperatures, indicating seasonal forcing. However, the pattern of multiple waves per year that has been so disruptive and unique to COVID-19 cannot be explained by seasonal forcing. Using a modified SIRS model that allows specification of the tempo of waning immunity, we show that specific forms of non-durable immunity can sufficiently explain the sub-annual waves characteristic of the COVID-19 epidemic.